Russ Steele
History aways has important lessons to teach for those willing to listen. Here is an opportunity to look in the past from the ships logs in the 1700 and 1800.
A RESEARCH project lead by Sunderland University is looking to the past to help with the future. Details here.
Dr Dennis Wheeler from the university is leading the project, analysing historical logs recorded by explorers, whalers and merchants during epic expeditions around the Arctic between 1750 and 1850 in an effort to increase scientific understanding of climate change in the environmentally important region.
The logbooks include famous voyages such as Parry’s polar expedition in HMS Hecla and Franklin’s lost journey to navigate the Northwest Passage.
There are also whaling ships’ logs, including records from a fleet owned by the Newcastle-based Palmer family and Royal Navy logbooks and data from the Hudson Bay Company – one of the oldest commercial companies in the world.
Dr Wheeler was also recently involved in a project using historical naval logbooks to reconstruct past climate change.
The UK Colonial Registers and Royal Navy Logbooks (Corral) project has digitised nearly 300 ships’ logbooks from voyages such as Charles Darwin’s Beagle and Cook’s HMS Discovery dating back to the 1760s.
And he said this would help with the university’s latest project.
He said: “We are using the Corral data as a springboard to the Arctic project, looking at climate change in the region, especially the retreat and advance of ice between 1750 and 1850.
“Environmentally, the Arctic is a hugely important area, but we need to know how it’s behaved in the past in order that we can assess how it’s going to behave in the future – you can’t look forward without looking back.
“This is no longer just a scientific issue; climate change is of global political concern.
“The work we’ll be doing is incredibly important as governments will be given a report into our findings, creating an understanding of climate change, on which major decisions could be made.”
Dr Wheeler says that the 100-year period his team will research is important because it pre-dates the emergence of greenhouses gases in the atmosphere so the logs contain information about the Arctic under natural weather conditions.
He said: “This is also an interesting time as there were some massive volcanoes and the sun was behaving rather oddly.
“It was a time of low solar activity known as the Dalton Minimum. It’s all tied in with a very cold period for the world’s climate, but the picture is not wholly clear and we already have noticed some conflicting reports from the ships’ logs about ice advancing and retreating.
“We need to know what’s happening, because changes in the Arctic today are important as they feed back into the global climatic system and if the ice change isn’t responding to temperature then to what does it respond and what is the background to it?”
Ships’ logbooks are an invaluable source of information from the days before satellite weather surveying.
Officers kept careful records of the daily, and sometimes hourly, climate conditions, so modern researchers are able to find what the weather was like anywhere in the world on a particular day.
The three-year project, funded by the Leverhulme Trust, is led by Dr Wheeler in collaboration with the Scott Polar Research Institute, The Met Office Hadley Research Centre and Hull University’s Maritime Studies Unit.
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